Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and diet quality with biomarkers of inflammation in children - Peeref (2024)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Inflammatory Mediators and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors before and in Response to Lifestyle Intervention among Latino Adolescents with Obesity

Armando Pena, Micah L. Olson, Stephanie L. Ayers, Dorothy D. Sears, Sonia Vega-Lopez, Abigail T. Colburn, Gabriel Q. Shaibi

Summary: Obesity is linked to chronic inflammation and may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in youth. This study investigated the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, and response to lifestyle intervention in Latino youth with obesity. The findings showed that obesity-related inflammatory mediators were associated with T2D risk factors but were not affected by lifestyle intervention in Latino youth.

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Branched-chain Amino Acids and Relationship With Inflammation in Youth With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Intervention Study

Ralph G. Cosentino, James R. Churilla, Samantha Josephson, Zarela Molle-Rios, Md Jobayer Hossain, Wagner L. Prado, P. Babu Balagopal

Summary: This study investigated the role of BCAA and AAA in obesity among youth, finding correlations with body composition and novel biomarkers of CVD. However, a physical activity-based lifestyle intervention had minimal effects on BCAA and AAA concentrations.

Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Biological and Neuroimaging Markers as Predictors of 5-Year Incident Frailty in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the MAPT Study

Wan-Hsuan Lu, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Yves Rolland, Ali Bouyahia, Clara Fischer, Jean-Francois Mangin, Kelly Giudici, Bruno Vellas

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of biological and neuroimaging markers in determining incident frailty among older adults over a period of 5 years. Although some markers like 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency, hom*ocysteine levels, and neuroimaging data were significantly associated with incident frailty in unadjusted models, these associations disappeared after adjustment for age, sex, and other confounders. Omega-3 index was the only marker that showed a trend of association with incident frailty.

Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Dietary Intake and Energy Expenditure in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Review

Sarah A. Purcell, Ryan J. Marker, Marc-Andre Cornier, Edward L. Melanson

Summary: Many breast cancer survivors experience changes in energy balance during and after treatment, potentially influenced by factors such as dietary intake and estrogen suppression. Future research may focus on developing targeted and personalized behavioral interventions to address these specific changes in energy balance.

Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effects of Different Doses of Exercise on Inflammation Markers Among Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity: HEPAFIT Study

Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Maria Correa-Rodriguez, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Sara Palomino-Echeverria, Enrique Santamaria, Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista, Katherine Gonzalez-Ruiz, Mikel Izquierdo

Summary: Obesity-related metabolic risk factors in overweight/obese adolescents may be associated with systemic low-grade inflammation. Implementing a 6-month exercise program can significantly change inflammatory levels and prevent obesity-related metabolic diseases.

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The Effects of 12 Weeks of Concurrent and Combined Training on Inflammatory Markers, Muscular Performance, and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Males

Reza Bagheri, Mehdi Kargarfard, Khosro Jalali, Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Neda Cheraghloo, Hamid Ghobadi, Babak Hooshmand Moghadam, Alexei Wong, Michael Nordvall, Frederic Dutheil

Summary: This study compared the effects of different orders of endurance and resistance training on inflammatory markers, muscular performance, and body composition in overweight and obese males. The results showed that regardless of the training order, combined training improved inflammatory markers, body composition, power, and VO2max. However, the analysis indicated significantly greater improvements in certain markers when resistance training preceded endurance training, suggesting that the order of exercise training may impact the effectiveness of concurrent training.

Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Is Curcumine Useful in the Treatment and Prevention of the Tendinopathy and Myotendinous Junction Injury? A Scoping Review

Alfredo Cordova, Franchek Drobnic, David Noriega-Gonzalez, Alberto Caballero-Garcia, Enrique Roche, Melchor Alvarez-Mon

Summary: Physical activity and sports increase the risk of tendinopathies due to the stress and force generated in the tendon and muscle-tendon unit. Curcumin, a supplement, has been found to have significant anti-pain, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and can promote the inflammatory and regenerative response in tendinopathies. Additionally, curcumin can reduce cell infiltration, activation, and production of pro-inflammatory mediators at the site of inflammation.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Redox Status and Performance Following a Muscle Damaging Protocol

Aggelos Pappas, Athanasios Tsiokanos, Ioannis Fatouros, Athanasios Poulios, Dimitris Kouretas, Nikos Goutzourelas, Giannis Giakas, Athanasios Jamurtas

Summary: This study found that supplementation with spirulina following a muscle damaging protocol did not result in beneficial effects on redox status, muscle performance or damage.

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Modulation of Dietary Fatty Acids in an Open-Label Study Improves Psoriasis and Dampens the Inflammatory Activation Status

Anja Saalbach, Anna-Theresa Seitz, Johannes Kohlmann, Lena Kalweit, Lisa Vogt, Lars Selig, Kathrin M. Engel, Jan C. Simon

Summary: Obesity and high abdominal fat mass increase the risk of developing psoriasis and worsen its severity. Weight loss has been shown to have a positive effect on psoriasis. The dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, adipose tissue activation, and persistent low-grade inflammation may be the links between obesity and inflammatory diseases. In this study, a dietary intervention focusing on reducing saturated free fatty acids (SFAs) improved psoriatic disease activity independently of weight loss and inhibited the overall pro-inflammatory activation status in psoriasis patients.

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beer Modulate Plasma and Macrophage microRNAs Differently in a Pilot Intervention in Humans with Cardiovascular Risk

Lidia Daimiel, Victor Mico, Laura Diez-Ricote, Paloma Ruiz-Valderrey, Geoffrey Istas, Ana Rodriguez-Mateos, Jose Maria Ordovas

Summary: This pilot study found that the consumption of beer and non-alcoholic beer can differently modulate the levels of cardiometabolic microRNAs in plasma and macrophages, with microRNAs related to inflammation showing opposite trends after beer consumption compared to non-alcoholic beer consumption.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The impact of a competitive event and the efficacy of a lactic acid bacteria-fermented soymilk extract on the gut microbiota and urinary metabolites of endurance athletes: An open-label pilot study

Mina f*ckuchi, Masaaki Sugita, Makoto Banjo, Keisuke Yonekura, Yasuhiro Sasuga

Summary: This pilot study investigated the effects of athletic competition and the consumption of lactic acid bacteria-fermented soymilk extract (LEX) on the gut microbiota in Japanese college endurance athletes. The results showed that the gut microbiota exhibited significant changes after a single competition, and LEX ingestion improved yeast and fungal overgrowth in the gastrointestinal tract and enhanced mitochondrial metabolic function.

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Body Composition Changes after a Weight Loss Intervention: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study

Miguel A. Rojo-Tirado, Pedro J. Benito, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Francisco B. Ortega, Blanca Romero-Moraleda, Javier Butragueno, Laura M. Bermejo, Eliane A. Castro, Carmen Gomez-Candela

Summary: Comparing different exercise modalities combined with diet intervention on body composition in overweight and obese adults, the study found that the combined strength and endurance group had lower levels of fat mass percentage both immediately after intervention and 3 years later compared to the other groups.

Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effect of a Remotely Delivered Weight Loss Intervention in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Randomized Controlled Trial

Marina M. Reeves, Caroline O. Terranova, Elisabeth A. H. Winkler, Nicole McCarthy, Ingrid J. Hickman, Robert S. Ware, Sheleigh P. Lawler, Elizabeth G. Eakin, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried

Summary: The study indicates that a 12-month remotely delivered weight loss intervention can significantly improve weight, fat mass, metabolic syndrome risk, physical quality of life, musculoskeletal pain, and body image in breast cancer survivors.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects of 2-Year Nutritional and Lifestyle Intervention on Oxidative and Inflammatory Statuses in Individuals of 55 Years of Age and over at High Cardiovascular Risk

Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida, Magdalena Quetglas-Llabres, Cristina Bouzas, Silvia Garcia, David Mateos, Cristina Gomez, Jose M. Gamez, Henrik E. Poulsen, Josep A. Tur, Antoni Sureda

Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of a 2-year nutritional and lifestyle intervention on oxidative and inflammatory status in individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk. The results showed a greater reduction in abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and triglyceride levels after the intervention. Furthermore, an improvement in oxidative stress and proinflammatory status was observed.

Article Oncology

Visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation in the obesity paradox in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a retrospective cohort study

Ji Hyun Lee, Sujin Hyung, Jeeyun Lee, Sang-Hee Choi

Summary: This study showed that visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation are significant prognostic factors in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. The prognostic impact of visceral adiposity is dependent on systemic inflammation status.

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Effect of nationwide school policy on device-measured physical activity in Danish children and adolescents: a natural experiment

Natascha H. Pedersen, Anders Grontved, Jan C. Brond, Niels C. Moller, Kristian T. Larsen, Birgit Debrabant, Sofie Koch, Jens Troelsen, Soren Brage, Jasper Schipperijn, Jacob Hjelmborg, Niels Wedderkopp, Lars B. Christiansen, Peter L. Kristensen

Summary: A new Danish school policy requiring 45 minutes of physical activity daily during school hours was introduced in 2014. This study evaluated the effect of this nationwide policy on physical activity in Danish children and adolescents. The results showed that the policy interrupted the decreasing trend of physical activity during school hours and increased physical activity among students.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Resting heart rate is a population-level biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness: The Fenland Study

Tomas Gonzales, Justin Jeon, Timothy Lindsay, Kate Westgate, Ignacio Perez-Pozuelo, Stefanie Hollidge, Katrien Wijndaele, Kirsten Rennie, Nita Forouhi, Simon Griffin, Nick Wareham, Soren Brage

Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and cardiorespiratory fitness, finding associations between RHR and fitness, exploring factors that influence this relationship, and demonstrating the utility of RHR for remote population monitoring. The results suggest that RHR is a valid biomarker of cardiorespiratory fitness, and that physical activity and adiposity influence the relationship between RHR and fitness.

Article Sport Sciences

Joint associations of physical activity and sedentary time with body mass index: A prospective study of mortality risk

Jakob Tarp, Jenny Rossen, Ulf Ekelund, Ing-Mari Dohrn

Summary: Higher levels of physical activity and less sedentary time are associated with a lower risk of mortality, regardless of body mass index (BMI). Physical activity should be encouraged and recommended for individuals with low levels of physical activity.

Article Pediatrics

Relationships of BMI, muscle-to-fat ratio, and handgrip strength-to-BMI ratio to physical fitness in Spanish children and adolescents

Samuel Manzano-Carrasco, Jorge Garcia-Unanue, Eero A. Haapala, Jose Luis Felipe, Leonor Gallardo, Jorge Lopez-Fernandez

Summary: This study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI), muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR), and handgrip strength-to-BMI ratio and physical fitness parameters in an active young population. Data was collected from 2256 Spanish children and adolescents aged 5-18 over four time points. Results showed that overweight and obese boys had higher handgrip strength, while normal weight boys and girls had higher cardiorespiratory fitness and vertical jump. The MFR was correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness and vertical jump, but not with handgrip strength.

Article Anthropology

Energy expenditure and intensity of ritual jumping-dancing in male Maasai

Dirk L. Christensen, Kate Westgate, Lewis Griffiths, Joseph Sironga, Venance P. Maro, Jorn W. Helge, Steen Larsen, Ib C. Bygbjerg, Kaushik L. Ramaiya, Jorgen Jensen, Soren Brage

Summary: This study aimed to objectively quantify the metabolic intensity of traditional jumping-dance activity performed by Maasai men and assess its associations with habitual physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The findings showed that the intensity of jumping-dance activity was moderate, but on average seven times higher than habitual physical activity.

Article Sport Sciences

Effects of 2-year dietary and physical activity intervention on cognition in children-a nonrandomized controlled trial

Sehrish Naveed, Taisa Sallinen, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Hannamari Skog, Henna Jalkanen, Soren Brage, Ulf Ekelund, Heikki Pentikaeinen, Kai Savonen, Timo A. Lakka, Eero A. Haapala

Summary: In this study, a combined dietary and physical activity intervention in children did not have an effect on cognition. However, improvements in diet quality and participation in organized sports and reading were associated with improved cognition.

Article Oncology

Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity and Cancer Incidence Among Nonexercising Adults The UK Biobank Accelerometry Study

Emmanuel Stamatakis, Matthew N. Ahmadi, Christine M. Friedenreich, Joanna M. Blodgett, Annemarie Koster, Andreas Holtermann, Andrew Atkin, Vegar Rangul, Lauren B. Sherar, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Ulf Ekelund, I-Min Lee, Mark Hamer

Summary: The findings of this prospective cohort study suggest that small amounts of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) are associated with a lower risk of incident cancer. Daily VILPA may be a promising intervention for cancer prevention in populations unable or unmotivated to engage in leisure time exercise.

Article Sport Sciences

Associations between physical activity, motor skills, executive functions and early numeracy in preschoolers

Anssi Vanhala, Eero A. Haapala, Arja Saakslahti, Airi Hakkarainen, Anna Widlund, Pirjo Aunio

Summary: We examined the relationships between physical activity, motor skills, executive functions, and early numeracy in preschoolers. Our findings highlight the indirect effects of stability skills and locomotor skills on early numeracy through specific components of executive functions. Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with early numeracy, but also had a negative indirect effect through inhibition/switching.

Article Sport Sciences

Physical activity volume and intensity distribution in relation to bone, lean and fat mass in children

Annie M. Skinner, Dimitris Vlachopoulos, Alan R. Barker, Sarah A. Moore, Alex Rowlands, Sonja Soininen, Eero A. Haapala, Juuso Vaisto, Kate Westgate, Soren Brage, Timo A. Lakka

Summary: The study aimed to assess the associations of physical activity (PA) volume, PA intensity distribution, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with bone mineral content, lean mass, and fat mass in children. The results showed that PA volume was positively associated with bone mineral content in both females and males, and positively associated with lean mass (males) or negatively associated with fat mass (males). PA intensity was negatively associated with bone mineral content in males. MVPA was positively associated with lean mass and negatively associated with fat mass in both females and males.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Causal associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and type 2 diabetes

Lina Cai, Tomas Gonzales, Eleanor Wheeler, Nicola D. Kerrison, Felix R. Day, Claudia Langenberg, John R. B. Perry, Soren Brage, Nicholas J. Wareham

Summary: Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Genetic determinants in cardiorespiratory fitness and candidate genes related to cardiac muscle development and muscle contractility were identified. Higher genetically predicted fitness is causally associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes independent of adiposity.

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Emergency department crowding and mortality: an observational multicenter study in Sweden

Jens Wretborn, Daniel B. Wilhelms, Ulf Ekelund

Summary: A study in Sweden found that ED crowding measured by mSEAL or occupancy rate was not significantly associated with short-term mortality.

Article Education & Educational Research

Classroom-based physical activity and teachers' instructions on students' movement in conventional classrooms and open learning spaces

Jani Hartikainen, Eero A. Haapala, Anna-Maija Poikkeus, Arja Saakslahti, Arto Laukkanen, Ying Gao, Taija Finni

Summary: Due to educational reforms in many countries, including Finland, new or renovated comprehensive schools have increasingly incorporated open and flexible designs. Open learning spaces provide children with more opportunities to engage in physical activity, which has been associated with better academic performance and behavior.

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Real-world effectiveness of digital and group-based lifestyle interventions as compared with usual care to reduce type 2 diabetes risk-A stop diabetes pragmatic randomised trial

Timo A. Lakka, Kirsikka Aittola, Elina Jarvela-Reijonen, Tanja Tilles-Tirkkonen, Reija Mannikko, Niina Lintu, Leila Karhunen, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Marja Harjumaa, Elina Mattila, Riia Jarvenpaa, Miikka Ermes, Santtu Mikkonen, Janne Martikainen, Kaisa Poutanen, Ursula Schwab, Pilvikki Absetz, Jaana Lindstrom, Jussi Pihlajama

Summary: This study conducted a one-year experiment to explore the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions based on multiple behavior change theories and combined digital and face-to-face communication in preventing risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The results showed that the intervention group with combined digital and face-to-face communication had better improvement in diet quality and waist circumference compared to the control group.

Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

Comment on Baranova et al. Causal Associations Between Basal Metabolic Rate and COVID-19. Diabetes 2023;72:149-154

David E. Kloecker, Soren Brage, Nicholas J. Wareham

Article Sport Sciences

Descriptive Epidemiology of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in UK Adults: The Fenland Study

Tomas I. Gonzales, Kate Westgate, Stefanie Hollidge, Tim Lindsay, Katrien Wijndaele, Nita G. Forouhi, Simon Griffin, Nick Wareham, Soren Brage

Summary: This study examined the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and population subgroups and seasonal trends in a population-based cohort of UK adults. The findings showed that older generations are comparatively fitter than younger generations, but the decline in fitness with age is less steep than anticipated. Physical activity energy expenditure and BMI were found to be stronger determinants of cardiorespiratory fitness than other characteristics, emphasizing the importance of modifiable physical activity behaviors in public health interventions.

Article Sport Sciences

Does maternity during sports career jeopardize future athletic success in elite marathon runners?

Nicolas Forstmann, Alice Meignie, Quentin De Larochelambert, Stephanie Duncombe, Karine Schaal, Carole Maitre, Jean-Francois Toussaint, Juliana Antero

Summary: This study investigates the impact of maternity on the overall performance development of elite marathoners. The results show that most runners achieve better performances after maternity, and age is a key factor in the impact of maternity on performance.

Article Sport Sciences

Acute effects of electrostimulation and blood flow restriction on muscle thickness and fatigue in the lower body

Salvador Santiago-Pescador, Daniel Fajardo-Blanco, Susana Lopez-Ortiz, Saul Penin-Grandes, Roberto Mendez-Sanchez, Alejandro Lucia, Juan Martin-Hernandez, Alejandro Santos-Lozano

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle thickness and fatigue in the lower body of young healthy subjects. The results showed that the combination of BFR and NMES increased muscle thickness and induced fatigue more than isolated NMES.

Article Sport Sciences

Residual neuromuscular fatigue influences subsequent on-court activity in basketball

Jodie A. Palmer, Rodrigo R. Bini, Daniel W. T. Wundersitz, Michael I. C. Kingsley

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of residual neuromuscular fatigue on subsequent match and training activity in professional women's basketball. The findings showed that when players were fatigued prior to matches, the time spent on supramaximal activity decreased, while the time spent on moderate-vigorous activity increased. Additionally, when fatigued prior to training, players exhibited lower average intensity and decreases in absolute and relative maximal and supramaximal activity. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring neuromuscular performance throughout a professional season.

Article Sport Sciences

Genetic polymorphisms related to muscular strength and flexibility are associated with artistic gymnastic performance in the Japanese population

Hiroshi Kumagai, Tomoko Kaneko, Yuko Shintake, Eri Miyamoto-Mikami, Hiroyuki Tomita, Makoto f*ckuo, Wataru Kawai, Mutsumi Harada, Naoki Kikuchi, Nobuhiro Kamiya, Kosuke Hirata, Hirofumi Zempo, Seiji Maeda, Naokazu Miyamoto, Noriyuki f*cku

Summary: This study found that genetic polymorphisms related to muscular strength and flexibility play important roles in male artistic gymnastics, specifically influencing the performance of events that require muscular strength and flexibility. However, no such associations were observed in female gymnasts.

Review Sport Sciences

Effects of exercise training on glycaemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, Yasmin Ezzatvar, Nidia Huerta-Uribe, Alicia M. Alonso-Martinez, Maria J. Chueca-Guindulain, Sara Berrade-Zubiri, Mikel Izquierdo, Robinson Ramirez-Velez

Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to examine the characteristics of the interventions. The study found that exercise interventions longer than 24 weeks, with at least 60 minutes of high-intensity exercise per session, may serve as a supportive therapy for metabolic control in youth with T1DM.

Article Sport Sciences

Modelling the relationship between load and repetitions to failure in resistance training: A Bayesian analysis

Benedikt Mitter, Lei Zhang, Pascal Bauer, Arnold Baca, Harald Tschan

Summary: The present study compared different statistical models using a Bayesian approach to determine the relationship between load and the number of repetitions to failure in the pin press exercise. Multilevel models demonstrated a better fit and predictive accuracy compared to pooled-data models. The relationship between load and repetitions followed an individually expressed exponential trend, suggesting that it should be modeled on a subject-specific level to accurately predict the load associated with a certain repetition maximum.

Article Sport Sciences

Effects of multicomponent training and detraining on the fitness of older adults with or at risk of frailty: results of a 10-month quasi-experimental study

Angel Ivan Fernandez-Garcia, Alba Gomez-Cabello, Alejandro Gomez-Bruton, Ana Moradell, David Navarrete-Villanueva, Jorge Perez-Gomez, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Ignacio Ara, Jose A. Casajus, German Vicente-Rodriguez

Summary: The study aimed to analyze the effects of a 6-month multicomponent training on the physical fitness of older adults with or at risk of frailty, and the consequences of a 4-month detraining period. The results showed that the multicomponent training had positive effects on improving physical fitness in older adults, but these effects were limited over time, highlighting the importance of avoiding detraining periods.

Article Sport Sciences

Longitudinal association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and lipid profile indicators in adolescents

Arthur Oliveira Barbosa, Juliana Maria da Penha Freire Silva, Diego Junio Silva, Tayse Guedes Cabral, Felipe Moreira de Jesus, Gerfeson Mendonca, Alcides Prazeres Filho, Ially Rayssa Dias Moura, Eduarda Cristina da Costa Silva, Sandro Raniel da Silva Rocha, Jose Cazuza Farias Junior

Summary: The study found a negative association between time engaged in moderate and vigorous physical activity and lipid profile in adolescents. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, in particular, had a greater influence on LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels.

Article Sport Sciences

Influence of exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure on physiological, perceptual and biomechanical responses to treadmill running

Chris Chow Li Tee, Mee Chee Chong, Viswanath Sundar, Chuen Leang Chok, Mohd Rizal Md Razali, Wee Kian Yeo, Olivier Girard

Summary: The acute physiological, perceptual, and biomechanical consequences of manipulating exercise intensity and hypoxic exposure during treadmill running were investigated. The study found that running at slower speeds in combination with severe hypoxia increased physiological and perceptual responses without a corresponding increase in ground reaction forces.

Article Sport Sciences

Stable vs. variable eccentric load. Do they induce different training and physical performance outcomes?

Carlos Galiano, Pablo Floria, Alejandro Munoz-Lopez, Eduardo Saez de Villarreal, Francisco Javier Nunez

Summary: This study examined the effects of unexpected eccentric load variability during resistance training on team sport players. The results showed that training with rotary inertial devices that have load variability can improve vertical jump performance, but increasing the variability of the exercise does not add benefits to physical performance and training outcomes.

Article Sport Sciences

The accuracy of ten common resting metabolic rate prediction equations in men and women collegiate athletes

Jennifer B. Fields, Meghan K. Magee, Margaret T. Jones, Andrew T. Askow, Clayton L. Camic, Joel Luedke, Andrew R. Jagim

Summary: This study examined the accuracy of 10 commonly used RMR prediction equations in collegiate athletes and found that these equations generally underestimated the athletes' actual energy requirements.

Article Sport Sciences

Does a 40-week football and Zumba exercise intervention influence self-reported job satisfaction, work role functioning and sick leave among female hospital employees? A cluster-randomised controlled trial

Svein Barene, Peter Krustrup, Andreas Holtermann

Summary: This study demonstrates that two to three weekly Zumba sessions can prevent sick leave and improve the total score of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire (WRFQ) among female hospital employees.

Article Sport Sciences

Utility of the W′BAL model in training programme design for masters cyclists

Miguel Angel Galan-Rioja, Fernando Gonzalez-Mohino, Philip Friere Skiba, Jose Maria Gonzalez-Rave

Summary: The present study aims to determine the utility of integrating balance model (W'(BAL_INT)) in designing interval training programmes as assessed by improvements in power output, critical power (CP), and W prime (W). The results of the study show that the interval training programmes designed using the W'(BAL) model have a positive impact on improving CP and power output.

Article Sport Sciences

The effects of injury, contextual match factors and training load upon psychological wellbeing in English Premier League soccer players via season-long tracking

Sophie Grimson, Gary Brickley, Nicholas J. Smeeton, Will Abbott, Adam Brett

Summary: The study aimed to track the changes in psychological wellbeing (PWB) of English Premier League soccer players across two consecutive seasons and examine the effects of injury, illness, training load, and contextual match factors on PWB. The study found that prior training load was related to current PWB, while prior PWB was not linked to injury or illness events.

Article Sport Sciences

New training load metrics in field hockey using inertial measurement units

Erik Wilmes, Cornelis J. de Ruiter, Leonarda G. M. Beers, Lisa de Koning, Michel S. Brink, Geert J. P. Savelsbergh

Summary: This study aims to explore the potential of using a simple inertial measurement unit (IMU) system to estimate different proxies of biomechanical load in field hockey. By analyzing data obtained from 16 field hockey players during various field hockey exercises, it was found that these proxies of biomechanical load can be used to estimate field hockey-specific biomechanical loads. Linear mixed models showed that all metrics increased proportionally to the increase in action frequency.